Training for Ground Penetrating Radar

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Serious professionals know that proper training on the equipment and in the application area is key to long-term success and the avoidance of costly claims.

Our professional trainers provide exceptional instruction because you deserve the best. 

#non destructive testing, #training for ground penetrating radar, #georadar

No matter where you are, we send our experienced trainers at your place, where training can take place under real conditions. We dare to go where no other trainer can. # georadar

No matter whether you work with #GSSI, #Mala, #Sensorsandsoftware, #IDS, #Leica, #RadarTeam, #3Dradar or any other brand we can help you with your training. # training for ground penetrating radar # georadar

 Our training courses are organized into two tiers: Intro and Advanced. Intro classes assume no prior knowledge of GPR or EM technology. applications. # georadar

Advanced classes assume prior attendance of an intro class or working experience with the technology. Advanced classes are typically for users who want to branch out into areas beyond basic applications. # training for ground penetrating radar # georadar

Get custom schedule and quotes by contacting us. A member of our experienced team will get in touch as soon as possible.

Ground penetrating radar is also known as GPR, Georadar, and ground probing radar. A GPR system is made up of three main components: 

Control unit, Antenna, Power Supply

GPR equipment can be run with a variety of power supplies ranging from small rechargeable batteries to vehicle batteries and normal 110/220-volt. Connectors and adapters are available for each power source type. 

The control unit contains the electronics which trigger the pulse of radar energy that the antenna sends into the ground. It also has a built-in computer and hard disk/solid state memory to store data for examination after fieldwork. 

The antenna receives the electrical pulse produced by the control unit, amplifies it and transmits it into the ground or other medium at a particular frequency. Antenna frequency is one major factor in depth penetration. The higher the frequency of the antenna, the shallower into the ground it will penetrate. A higher frequency antenna will also ‘see’ smaller targets. Antenna choice is one of the most important factors in survey design. The following table shows antenna frequency, approximate depth penetration and appropriate application.

GPR works by sending a tiny pulse of energy into a material and recording the strength and the time required for the return of any reflected signal. A series of pulses over a single area make up what is called a scan. Reflections are produced whenever the energy pulse enters into a material with different electrical conduction properties or dielectric permittivity from the material it left. The strength, or amplitude, of the reflection is determined by the contrast in the dielectric constants and conductivities of the two materials. This means that a pulse which moves from dry sand (dielectric of 5) to wet sand (dielectric of 30) will produce a very strong reflection, while moving from dry sand (5) to limestone (7) will produce a relatively weak reflection.

While some of the GPR energy pulse is reflected back to the antenna, energy also keeps traveling through the material until it either dissipates (attenuates) or the GPR control unit has closed its time window. The rate of signal attenuation varies widely and is dependent on the properties of the material through which the pulse is passing.

Materials with a high dielectric will slow the radar wave and it will not be able to penetrate as far. Materials with high conductivity will attenuate the signal rapidly. Water saturation dramatically raises the dielectric of a material, so a survey area should be carefully inspected for signs of water penetration.

Metals are considered to be a complete reflector and do not allow any amount of signal to pass through. Materials beneath a metal sheet, fine metal mesh, or pan decking will not be visible.

Radar energy is not emitted from the antenna in a straight line. It is emitted in a cone shape (picture on left). The two-way travel time for energy at the leading edge of the cone is longer than for energy directly beneath the antenna. This is because that leading edge of the cone represents the hypotenuse of a right triangle.

Since it takes longer for that energy to be received, it is recorded farther down in the profile. As the antenna is moved over a target, the distance between the two decreases until the antenna is over the target and increases as the antenna is moved away. It is for this reason that a single target will appear in the data as a hyperbola, or inverted “U.” The target is actually at the peak amplitude of the positive wavelet.